{"id":1149,"date":"2025-04-10T13:37:48","date_gmt":"2025-04-10T13:37:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/?page_id=1149"},"modified":"2025-04-15T13:28:40","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T13:28:40","slug":"%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%82%d1%8b-%d0%b2-%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%81%d0%bc%d0%be%d1%81%d0%b5","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%82%d1%8b-%d0%b2-%d0%ba%d0%be%d1%81%d0%bc%d0%be%d1%81%d0%b5\/","title":{"rendered":"Referaat &#8220;\u0420\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442: \u0420\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 XX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442 <strong>&#8220;\u041b\u0443\u043d\u0430-9&#8221;<\/strong>, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432 1966 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0443\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0-9\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"645\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Luna_9_Space_Probe-645x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Luna_9_Space_Probe-645x1024.jpg 645w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Luna_9_Space_Probe-189x300.jpg 189w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Luna_9_Space_Probe-768x1219.jpg 768w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Luna_9_Space_Probe-600x953.jpg 600w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Luna_9_Space_Probe.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0439 <strong>&#8220;\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440&#8221;<\/strong>, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u2014 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"619\" height=\"746\" src=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Surveyor_mockup.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Surveyor_mockup.jpg 619w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Surveyor_mockup-249x300.jpg 249w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Surveyor_mockup-600x723.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 619px) 100vw, 619px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u0412 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 <strong>&#8220;\u0421\u043e\u0434\u0436\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0440&#8221;<\/strong> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4)\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1276\" height=\"1170\" src=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sojourner_on_Mars_PIA01122.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sojourner_on_Mars_PIA01122.jpg 1276w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sojourner_on_Mars_PIA01122-300x275.jpg 300w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sojourner_on_Mars_PIA01122-1024x939.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sojourner_on_Mars_PIA01122-768x704.jpg 768w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Sojourner_on_Mars_PIA01122-600x550.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1276px) 100vw, 1276px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><br>\u0421 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e <strong>\u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e<\/strong>, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e <strong>\u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438<\/strong>. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0451\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 &#8220;\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438&#8221;) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043a \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0434\u043e \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0430) \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0448\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b<\/strong> \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438<\/strong>, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0439.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u2014 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442 <strong>&#8220;\u0420\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0442&#8221;<\/strong> \u043e\u0442 NASA, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0442\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u041a\u0421.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/robonaut2\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20180220_Robonaut-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1157\" srcset=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20180220_Robonaut-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20180220_Robonaut-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20180220_Robonaut-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20180220_Robonaut-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20180220_Robonaut.jpg 1240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">R2 inside the EMI Chamber at Johnson Space Center waiting to move on to the next set of environmental tests.\nPhotographer: Kris Kehe\nDate Taken: 06-02-2010\nLocation: EMI Test Chamber at NASA Johnson Space Center<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <strong>&#8220;Curiosity&#8221;<\/strong> \u0438 <strong>&#8220;Perseverance&#8221;<\/strong> \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041b\u0443\u043d\u044b, \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, <strong>&#8220;\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0441 \u0423\u044d\u0431\u0431&#8221;<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eyes.nasa.gov\/curiosity\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Curiosity_credit_NASA-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1160\" srcset=\"https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Curiosity_credit_NASA-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Curiosity_credit_NASA-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Curiosity_credit_NASA-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Curiosity_credit_NASA-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Curiosity_credit_NASA-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/anastassiakostjuk24.thkit.ee\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Curiosity_credit_NASA.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Curiosity_(rover)\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Curiosity_(rover)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e<\/strong><br>[NASA: \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 Perseverance \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0441 (\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u044b)]<br><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4czjS9h4Fpg\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4czjS9h4Fpg<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0448\u044e\u0442, \u0440\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044e \u2014 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041f\u043b\u044e\u0441\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u044b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p><strong>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0421\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u042d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<p><strong>\u041e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0435<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0418\u0418)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0438<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 <strong>\u0443\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438<\/strong> (\u0441 \u0418\u0418),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 <strong>\u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 <strong>\u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 <strong>\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0437 \u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0443\u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <strong>\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b<\/strong> (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043d\u0442 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0445 NASA \u0438 ESA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0420\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0430. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e. \u041d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044b, \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0417\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438.<br>\u0421 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0438 \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0432\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u044c \u0412\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442: \u0420\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435 \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0435 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\u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0443\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0439 &#8220;\u0421\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440&#8221;, \u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1149","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ 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